Differences In Mechanical Properties Between Natural Teeth And Dental Implants

Natural teeth and alveolar bone are bonded by periodontal ligament, while dental implants and alveolar bone are directly osseous bonds. Because of different bonding modes, there are significant differences in mechanical properties between them. In normal operation, the stress of natural teeth is transferred to alveolar bone through periodontal ligament. When the implant is implanted into jaw bone, it forms a whole structure with surrounding bone. Under functional condition, it bears load, and distributes and transmits occlusal force.

Comparison of mechanical points between natural teeth and implant teeth
	Natural teeth	Teeth Implants
Connection with alveola bone	Periodontal ligament	Synostosis
Receptor	Periodontal mechanoreceptor	Osteoreceptor
Susceptibility	High	Low
Range of motion	20~100um	3~5um
Mode of motion	Immediate motion, progressive motion	Progressive motion
Stage of motion	Nonlinear and complex Linear and elastic	Linear and elastic
Fulcrum of lateral force	Root 1/3	Cervical cortex
Characteristic of Load Bearing	Fast absorption and occlusal force dispersion	Stress concentrates on the cortex of bone
Clinical manifestations after overload	Ache, widening of periodontal ligament and loosening of teeth	Screw loosening or breaking, prosthesis and abutment loosening,implant breaking, bone resorption
Functional occlusal force	Low,andhigh degree of control	High, low degree of control
Modulus of elasticity	Close to bone tissue	Nearly 10 times higher than bone tissue
Stress Distribution Characteristics	Mainly in periodontal support tissue	Mainly on the crest of the alveolar ridge in the neck of the implant
Degree of motion	Physiokinetics	No physiokinetics
Orthodontic movement	Yes	No
When subjected to impact	It can cushion the impact	It cannot cushion the impact.

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